In a computer model simulating the development of the cigarette market in dependance of demographic structures a life cycle approach to smoking behaviour pattern was used. The essential parameters of this model are the rate of habit formation up to 20 years of age, level of daily cigarette consumption of regular smokers, keep-up of smoking after age 40. These essential parameters, however, are influenced by pro smoking communication (marketing) and a set of interrelated macro-sociological variables: achievement orientation, work and life stress, post materialistic "green" values and anti- smoking pressure. The interrelations make for cyclical developments (log waves). The result on the cigarette market depends to a significant degree on the initial states, economic growth and political development. Pro-smoking communication can substantively moderate the trends. A simplified computer model in BASIC is available for further experimentation with these phenomena. Warning: It needs data input for parametrizing specific markets which are not sufficiently covered in most market research Publications.
In a computer model simulating the development of the cigarette market in dependance of demographic structures a life cycle approach to smoking behaviour pattern was used. The essential parameters of this model are the rate of habit formation up to 20 years of age, level of daily cigarette consumption of regular smokers, keep-up of smoking after age 40. These essential parameters, however, are influenced by pro smoking communication (marketing) and a set of interrelated macro-sociological variables: achievement orientation, work and life stress, post materialistic "green" values and anti- smoking pressure. The interrelations make for cyclical developments (log waves). The result on the cigarette market depends to a significant degree on the initial states, economic growth and political development. Pro-smoking communication can substantively moderate the trends. A simplified computer model in BASIC is available for further experimentation with these phenomena. Warning: It needs data input for parametrizing specific markets which are not sufficiently covered in most market research Publications.
The Austrian Labour Market Administration (which is part of the Ministry for Social Affairs) is legally obliged to procure an annual prediction of the manpower demand and supply for the following year. This Labour Market Forecast is dis- cussed in the Labour Market Board (Arbeitsmarkt-Beirat) of the Department for Social Affairs - the government program is founded on this report.
The outcome of the Austrian national referendum against the operation of the nuclear power plant in Zwentendorf did not only turn out as a surprise for the Austrian political scene but has also been referred to, as a remarkable event on the international level. The nuclear power issue in Austria gained special actuality due to the fact that the referendum took place only a few months prior to the general election. The present paper presents the development of the climate of opinion before the national referendum, further demonstrates and analyzes the influence of the nuclear power issue on the attitudes and actual voting behaviour of the Austrian electorate during the national election using data of political survey research. In addition to content-specific and socio-psychological aspects methodological problems connected with public opinion polling are also taken into consideration.
The IFES has started a research project on public and parental resistance to the interviewing of children, examine for a series of topics which arguments are used against interviews with children, where the appropriate age limit to treating the topic in an interview situation is perceived and which demands are posed on the interview situation (child alone, child with mother/father/ both parents; verbal questioning, tests, simulation of real-life-situations, play situations). The research shows that there is no general and pervasive negative attitude against the interviewing of children. Only about 3 percent of the population in Austria refuse children's interviews by principle and without regard on topic and age of the child.