The general description given below is only a part of a wider confirmation that the system is a reasonable description of the real world. Its use in the agency therefore gives confidence that a particular schedule recommended has been constructed only after attention has been paid to all its constituent parts and to the way they work together. It is precisely this care and thoroughness which the researcher brings to the job of the media department.
COSMOS is a man/machine sales area control system as well as for products within the lines of produce distribution chains. In compliance with the modern concept of a management system, man and the computer form a whole and complete each other. The computer is used to manage the process large volumes of data regarding sales and profits covering each product in each store . It digests such data and prepares, by means of an appropriate programming, recommendations which will be proposed to the managers of the chain - store managers, buyers, merchandisers. To this day, the system has shown two main qualities: realism, profitability.
COSMOS is a man/machine sales area control system as well as for products within the lines of produce distribution chains. In compliance with the modern concept of a management system, man and the computer form a whole and complete each other. The computer is used to manage the process large volumes of data regarding sales and profits covering each product in each store . It digests such data and prepares, by means of an appropriate programming, recommendations which will be proposed to the managers of the chain - store managers, buyers, merchandisers. To this day, the system has shown two main qualities: realism, profitability.
In France there is presently an increasing development of horizontal mergers between companies belonging to the same field. In this paper we shall study only the mergers which occur in the mass consumption field, due to the following reasons: - Existence of a common distribution with very concentrated buying centers working for the account of a very scattered net work of point of sales; - Nature of buying process (the buyer being generally the housewife) . - Similitude of marketing technics (sales force, promotion, advertising). The mergers set many marketing problems. Here marketing must be defined in its most general meaning as the basic philosophy of the developing companies, that is a new structure, a new arrangement of forces in order to face new development of the market better with a greater efficiency. We take in this paper examples of several horizontal mergers recently achieved in the food field in outlining the problems raised by short term evolution of the group.
In France there is presently an increasing development of horizontal mergers between companies belonging to the same field. In this paper we shall study only the mergers which occur in the mass consumption field, due to the following reasons: - Existence of a common distribution with very concentrated buying centers working for the account of a very scattered net work of point of sales; - Nature of buying process (the buyer being generally the housewife) . - Similitude of marketing technics (sales force, promotion, advertising). The mergers set many marketing problems. Here marketing must be defined in its most general meaning as the basic philosophy of the developing companies, that is a new structure, a new arrangement of forces in order to face new development of the market better with a greater efficiency. We take in this paper examples of several horizontal mergers recently achieved in the food field in outlining the problems raised by short term evolution of the group.
In this presentation, we have tried to see the usual applications of operations research in the marketing field. This field is in quick evolution. Among the most promising uses, we can cite: - the decision theory applied to operations with technical and commercial risks which escape from probability laws - the integrated systems of control and predictive planning in advertising and marketing fields that will probably give a new statute to test markets - investigation of the exposure concept (advertising and commercial) and the notion of response curve of a market versus exposures (consumers - advertising, sales promotion) (retailers - agents visits) - the behaviour studies of households in the consumer panels by statistical observations which will permit to simulate the market attitudes in relation with the launching strategy of the products. Those scientific approaches will be developed if the marketing executives are trained to take the best of a better organisation.
Is it possible today for a firm which is thinking of devoting a considerable sum to the financing of an advertising campaign to obtain a fairly accurate forecast of tho results of the campaign either from its publicity department or its advertising agent? To answer this question, it is necessary first of ail to define very clearly the type of results that may be expected from an advertising campaign. Company directors and managers generally reply that by results they mean an increase in sales during the weeks immediately following the end of the campaign.