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Research papers

The in-home and out-of-home viewing patterns of European businessmen in seventeen European countries

For the past four years CNN International has researched the viewing habits of business Directors and Senior Managers. This necessitates estimating the numbers of such individuals by country (in 1993 in 17 countries!) using the diverse statistics...

Catalogue: ESORMAR/ARF Worldwide Electronic And Broadcast Audience Research 1994
Authors: Elizabeth Rintoul, Hilary Zamick, John Clemen, Colin Shaddick
May 1, 1994
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Citation

Rintoul, Zamick, Clemen and Shaddick (1994a, May 01). The in-home and out-of-home viewing patterns of European businessmen in seventeen European countries. ANA - ESOMAR. Retrieved February 20, 2026, from


https://ana.esomar.org/documents/the-in-home-and-out-of-home-viewing-patterns-of-european-businessmen-in-seventeen-european-countries


Research papers

What kind of audience research will be required in future?

This paper begins with a very brief summary of new developments in the television medium and their effect on the likely stracture of the television market going into the next century from the perspective of the viewer and the advertising industry. We...

Catalogue: ESORMAR/ARF Worldwide Electronic And Broadcast Audience Research 1994
Authors: Robert Hulks, Gilles Santini
May 1, 1994
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Citation

Hulks and Santini (1994a, May 01). What kind of audience research will be required in future?. ANA - ESOMAR. Retrieved February 20, 2026, from


https://ana.esomar.org/documents/what-kind-of-audience-research-will-be-required-in-future-


Research papers

Mothers and children

The extent and importance of children's opinion leading power is a phenomenon which concerns advertisers confronted with an advertising message for products consumed by children. Indeed, in this case one not only has to attract the children but also...

Catalogue: ESORMAR/ARF Worldwide Electronic And Broadcast Audience Research 1994
Authors: Frederique Micouleau, Patrick Ballarin
May 1, 1994
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Citation

Micouleau and Ballarin (1994a, May 01). Mothers and children. ANA - ESOMAR. Retrieved February 20, 2026, from


https://ana.esomar.org/documents/mothers-and-children


Research papers

Maximising the effectiveness of television advertising

In North America and WestemEurope, the slowing of population expansion and inflation as well as ever increasing global competition have made it extremely difficult for marketers to achieve consistent revenue and profit growth. At the same time, much...

Catalogue: ESORMAR/ARF Worldwide Electronic And Broadcast Audience Research 1994
Author: Margaret H. Blair
May 1, 1994
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Citation

Blair, M. H. (1994a, May 01). Maximising the effectiveness of television advertising. ANA - ESOMAR. Retrieved February 20, 2026, from


https://ana.esomar.org/documents/maximising-the-effectiveness-of-television-advertising


Research papers

Radio and TV audiences in the 90's

Looking at the future, it is clear that it is truism to state that the electronic media of the 90s differs greatly from that of the 80s. Satellite technology, digital compression and the expanding cable network (particularly with fibre glass cable)...

Catalogue: ESORMAR/ARF Worldwide Electronic And Broadcast Audience Research 1994
Author: Matthias Steinmann
May 1, 1994
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Citation

Steinmann, M. (1994a, May 01). Radio and TV audiences in the 90's. ANA - ESOMAR. Retrieved February 20, 2026, from


https://ana.esomar.org/documents/radio-and-tv-audiences-in-the-90-s


Research papers

Sometime

This paper presents a new approach to media strategy, based on the use of the "Temps Media" studies carried out by TMPR 1 on the basis of the CESP Time- Budget Multimedia Study. The guiding principle of our approach is that of basing the media...

Catalogue: ESORMAR/ARF Worldwide Electronic And Broadcast Audience Research 1994
Author: Hélène Haering
May 1, 1994
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Citation

Haering, H. (1994a, May 01). Sometime. ANA - ESOMAR. Retrieved February 20, 2026, from


https://ana.esomar.org/documents/sometime


Research papers

TV audience measurement around the world

There is increasing interest in the "Digital Superhighway”. How will TV audience measurement cope with this radical change in the medium? Many believe that the fast approaching fractionated and mobile television environment will necessitate a...

Catalogue: ESORMAR/ARF Worldwide Electronic And Broadcast Audience Research 1994
Authors: Bill Harvey, Ken Purdye
May 1, 1994
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Citation

Harvey and Purdye (1994a, May 01). TV audience measurement around the world. ANA - ESOMAR. Retrieved February 20, 2026, from


https://ana.esomar.org/documents/tv-audience-measurement-around-the-world


Research papers

Viewer's willingness to pay and programme choice

As background to planning for the multi-channel interactive future we address two linked questions : What is the demand for different type of programmes? How much would viewers be willing to pay directly for their habitual channels? The paper draws...

Catalogue: ESORMAR/ARF Worldwide Electronic And Broadcast Audience Research 1994
Authors: Andrew S. C. Ehrenberg, Pamela Mills
May 1, 1994
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Citation

Ehrenberg and Mills (1994a, May 01). Viewer's willingness to pay and programme choice. ANA - ESOMAR. Retrieved February 20, 2026, from


https://ana.esomar.org/documents/viewer-s-willingness-to-pay-and-programme-choice


Research papers

DBS channels in Japan

According to the results of Nationwide-Ratings-Survey conducted by NHK in November 1993,19.4% of Japanese households could receive DBS -channels. When NHK began its regular 24 hours-DBS-service with 2 channels in June of 1989 the percentage was only...

Catalogue: ESORMAR/ARF Worldwide Electronic And Broadcast Audience Research 1994
Author: Hiroshi Kojima
May 1, 1994
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Citation

Kojima, H. (1994a, May 01). DBS channels in Japan. ANA - ESOMAR. Retrieved February 20, 2026, from


https://ana.esomar.org/documents/dbs-channels-in-japan